The European Union set the gold standard for data protection regulation with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and is now well on its way to doing the same in the AI space with the AI Act, which is steadily making its way through the EU legislative process. With AI models often trained on vast amounts of data, it is important to consider the implications of using this data.

Indeed, data governance and the rules applicable to data usage, as well as their transfer, are important issues the EU tries to address in the European Data Strategy and corresponding regulations, mainly including but not limited to the Data Act and the Data Governance Act. Although the EU aims to regulate AI primarily with the EU AI Act, AI systems will still be required to comply with the requirements of all other EU regulations on data, given that the data are the core driver of modern AI.